Renal disease is a well-recognized complication among patients with HIV infection. Viral infection itself and the use of some\nantiretroviral drugs contribute to this condition. The thick ascending limb of Henle�s loop (TALH) is the tubule segment where\nfree water clearance is generated, determining along with glomerular filtration rate the kidney�s ability to dilute urine. Objective.\nWe analyzed the function of the proximal tubule and TALH in patients with HIV infection receiving or not tenofovir-containing\nantiretroviral treatment in comparison with healthy seronegative controls, by applying a tubular physiological test, hyposaline\ninfusion test (Chaimowitz� test). Material & Methods. Chaimowitz� test was performed on 20 HIV positive volunteers who had\nnormal renal functional parameters. The control group included 10 healthy volunteers. Results. After the test, both HIV groups\nhad a significant reduction of serum sodium and osmolarity compared with the control group. Free water clearance was lower and\nurine osmolarity was higher in both HIV+ groups. Proximal tubular function was normal in both studied groups. Conclusion. The\npresent study documented that proximal tubule sodium reabsorption was preserved while free water clearance and maximal urine\ndilution capability were reduced in stable HIV patients treated or not with tenofovir.
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